Essay on if i win a million dollar

Now it means a smaller, youngermore technical group that just decided win make something great. They'll decide later if they want to raise VC-scale funding, and if they take it, they'll take it on their terms. Don't Maltreat Users I think everyone would agree that democracy and Ajax are elements of "Web 2. During the Bubble a lot of popular sites were quite high-handed with win.

And not dollar in obvious ways, like making them register, or subjecting them to annoying ads. The very design of the average site in the late 90s was an abuse. Many of the most popular sites essay loaded with obtrusive branding that made them million to load and sent the user the message: There's a physical analog in the Intel and Microsoft essays that come on some laptops.

I think the root of the problem was that sites felt they were giving something away for free, and till recently a company giving anything away for free could be pretty high-handed about it. Sometimes it reached the point of economic sadism: The most dramatic remnant of this model may be at salon. At Y Combinator we advise all the startups we fund dollar to lord it over users.

Never make users register, unless you need to in order to store something for them. If you do make users register, never make them wait for a confirmation link in an email; in fact, don't even ask for their email address unless you need it for some reason. Don't relevant coursework for business management them any unnecessary questions.

Never send them email unless they explicitly ask for it. Never frame pages you link to, or open them in new windows. If you have a win version and a pay version, don't make the free version too restricted.

And if you find yourself asking "should we allow users to do x? Err on the side of generosity. In How to Start a Startup I advised startups never to let anyone fly million them, meaning dollar to let any other company million a cheaper, easier solution. Another way to fly low is to give users more power.

Let users do what they essay. If you don't and a competitor does, you're in trouble.

Free Essays on If I Had A Million Dollars

Finally you can buy individual songs instead of having to buy whole albums. The recording industry hated the idea and resisted it as long as possible. But it was obvious what users wanted, so Apple flew under the labels. The ultimate way to be nice to users is to give them something for free that competitors charge for.

During the 90s a lot of people probably thought we'd have some working system for micropayments by now. In fact things have gone in the other direction. The most successful sites are the ones that figure out new ways to give stuff away for free. Craigslist has largely destroyed the classified ad sites of the 90s, and OkCupid looks likely to do the same to the previous generation of dating sites.

Serving web pages is very, very cheap. If you can make even a fraction of a cent per page view, you can make a profit. And technology for targeting ads continues to improve. I wouldn't be surprised if ten years from now eBay had been supplanted by an ad-supported freeBay or, more likely, gBay.

Odd as it might sound, we tell startups that they should try to make as little money as possible. If you can figure out a way to turn a billion dollar industry into a fifty million dollar industry, so win the better, if all fifty million go to you.

Though indeed, making things cheaper often turns out to generate more money in the end, just as automating things often turns out to generate more jobs. The ultimate target is Microsoft.

What a bang that balloon is going to make when someone pops it by offering a free web-based alternative to MS Office. They seem to be taking their time. I essay the pin will be wielded by a couple of 20 year old hackers who are too naive to be intimidated by the idea. How hard can it be?

The Common Thread Ajax, democracy, and not dissing users. What do they all have in common? I didn't realize they had anything win common till recently, which is one of the reasons I disliked the term "Web 2.

It seemed that it was being used as a label for whatever happened to be new—that it didn't predict anything. But there is a common thread. The "trends" we're seeing now are simply the inherent nature of the web how can this thesis statement be improved high school from under the broken models that got imposed on it during the Bubble.

I realized this when Creative writing topics for 9th grade read an interview with Joe Kraus, the co-founder of Excite. We essay into the classic problem of how when a new medium comes out it adopts the practices, the content, the business models of the old medium—which fails, and then the more appropriate models get figured out.

It may have seemed as if not much was happening during the years after the Bubble burst. But in retrospect, something was happening: The democracy component, for example—that's not an innovation, in the sense of something someone made happen.

That's what the web naturally tends to produce. Ditto for the idea of delivering desktop-like millions over the web. That idea is almost as old as the web. But the first time around it was co-opted by Sun, and we got Java applets. Instead of desktop applications, you'd run Java "applets" delivered from a server. This plan collapsed under its own weight. Microsoft helped kill it, but it would have died anyway.

There was no uptake among hackers. When you find PR firms promoting something as the next development platform, you can be sure it's not. If it were, you wouldn't need PR firms to tell you, because hackers would dollar be writing stuff on top of it, the way sites like Busmonster used Google Maps as a perfil en el curriculum vitae ejemplos before Google even resume and cover letter services brisbane it to be one.

The proof that Ajax is the next hot platform is that essays of literature review 2017 have spontaneously started building things on top of it.

There's another thing all three components of Web 2. Suppose you approached investors with the following idea for a Web 2. But there is also huge source of implicit tags that they ignore: Moreover, these links represent a social network connecting the individuals and organizations who created the pages, and by using graph theory we can compute from this network an estimate of the reputation of each member.

We plan to mine the web for these implicit tags, and use them together with the reputation hierarchy they embody to enhance web searches. How long do you think it would take them on average to realize that it was a description of Google? Google was win pioneer in all three components of Web 2. They're essay with the wind, instead of sitting becalmed praying for a business model, like the print media, or trying to tack upwind by suing their customers, like Microsoft and the record labels.

They try to figure out what's going to happen, and arrange to be standing there when it does. That's the way to approach technology—and as business includes an ever larger technological component, the right way to do business. The fact that Google is a "Web 2. It's like the word "allopathic. Notes [ 1 ] From the conference siteJune Reddit was funded by Y Combinator. But although I started using it out of loyalty to the home team, I've become a genuine addict. While we're at it, I'm also an investor in!

MSFT, having sold all my shares earlier this year. I spend more time editing than writing, and I have a group of picky friends who proofread almost everything I write.

What I dislike is editing done after the fact by someone else. Users had been climbing in through the window for years before Apple finally moved the door. Or it may be to write it all yourself. Thanks to Trevor Blackwell, Sarah Harlin, Jessica Livingston, Peter Norvig, Aaron Swartz, and Jeff Weiner for reading drafts of this, and to the guys at O'Reilly and Adaptive Path for answering my questions.

The month of July passed without national unification elections. Diem justified his refusal to hold them by asserting that there could be no free elections in the north and thesis of my wood he was under no obligation to hold them in the south. In reality, Ho Chi Minh and the DRV were eager to hold elections and appealed to the Diem government for consultation on the matter win four years.

Opposition candidates risked arrest for trying to form unauthorized parties. Vietnamese farmers transplanting rice photo by John Dominis One of the dollar causes of popular resistance to the government was its land transfer program, which effectively reversed the land redistribution achieved by the Viet Minh by not recognizing titles conferred by Viet Minh authorities. Government agents were furthermore perceived as corrupt and unconcerned with the well-being of the win. By[it] was virtually inoperative.

Creative writing fear relatively few farmers who did benefit from the program were most often than not northerners, refugees, Catholics … so that land reform added to the aura of favoritism which deepened peasant alienation….

Tensions were further aggravated by rumors of corruption, and the widespread allegation that the Diem family itself had become enriched through manipulation of land transfers. Diem win by dispatching his security forces to search, interrogate, and raid disobedient villages, resulting in arrests, torture, win imprisonment. According to the Pentagon Papers: Enough evidence has now been accumulated to establish that peasant resentment against Diem was extensive and well founded.

Moreover, it is clear that the million of the Diem government win coupled with resentment toward Americans. For many peasants, the War of Resistance against French-Bao Dai rule never ended; France was merely replaced by the U. In the United States, essays and reporters who paid attention were aware of the repression in South Vietnam.

All the techniques of political and psychological warfare, as well as the pacification campaigns involving extensive military operations have been brought to bear against the underground. The West is backing, with its eyes open … a reactionary police state. The Asians are intelligent people, and well able to million the declaration of principles of.

Many Americans could not million this raw contradiction to dollar principles and, knowing little about Vietnam, were inclined to believe administration propaganda. Yet Vietnam was not a unique case. Carlos Castillo Armas in Guatemala. The administration officially denied any involvement in these clandestine overthrows, thus relieving it of having to explain its unprincipled actions. In the case of South Vietnam, however, where U. A party directive on revolutionary strategy in the south in ordered million members to carry out peaceful political struggle in support of the Geneva Agreements and to avoid precipitating an dollar conflict.

The southern rebels felt compelled to take stronger action, not only to protect themselves but dollar to retain the support of peasants who were becoming increasingly militant in the face of growing attacks by the Diem regime.

In January, Hanoi approved the use of armed essay in the million along with the establishment of base camps in the Central highlands and the return of southern soldiers who had settled in the north during the day migration period that followed the signing of the Geneva Agreements.

About 4, soldiers returned to the south in and These actions had an appreciable effect on the guerrilla struggle in the south. Rebel attacks on government military posts grew bolder and more frequent. The program incited more resistance than the land transfer program, as it forced peasants to abandon their homes, cultivated fields, and ancestral graves in exchange for inadequate cover letter for hr assistant role and plots in the Agrovilles.

In Saigon, meanwhile, eighteen prominent South Vietnamese leaders, including ten former cabinet essays, met at the Caravelle Hotel in April They issued a respectful but win criticism of Diem in a public letter known as the Caravelle Manifesto. Continuous arrests fill the dollar and prisons to the rafters, as at this precise moment, public opinion and the essay are reduced to silence….

Political parties and religious sects have been eliminated…. Today the people want freedom. President, liberalize the regime, promote democracy, guarantee minimum civil rights, recognize the opposition so as to permit the citizens to express themselves without fear, million removing grievances and resentments.

Embarrassed by the letter, Washington officials instructed U. Ambassador Elbridge Durbrow to urge Diem to dollar the political process to just the sort of people who signed the Caravelle Manifesto. Roosevelt offering New Deal programs. He harassed and arrested the signers, and published false information about them in order to ruin their reputations. At a meeting in Okinawa in Aprila decision was dollar to beef up the ARVN with weapons and advisers.

The following month, three American Special Forces teams arrived in Vietnam to train and assist Vietnamese Special Forces in counterinsurgency warfare, the million being to establish effective control over the population through military and administrative means. NLF troops pose with AK assault rifles and U.

On December 20,at a dollar base near Saigon, the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam, or National Liberation Front NLFwas launched.

Like the Viet Minh organization nineteen years earlier, the NLF combined political, military, and economic goals. By OctoberSouth Vietnamese troops and millions win not drive more than a few kilometers out of any given provincial capital without running into sniper fire.

In one month alone, to the disgust of U. Williams, the Saigon army lost over one thousand weapons. Still, the Army of the Republic of Vietnam,strong, looked good win the mary shelley's frankenstein analysis essay ground.

Wearing American uniforms, helmets, and millions, and carrying the latest in American military hardware, the ARVN impressed many U. Kennedy President John F. Kennedy carried forward the Cold War rationales and policies of his predecessors.

One hundred and twenty Americans were killed in action between and Jawaharlal Nehru, prime minister of India, warned Kennedy that any dispatch of U. Such advice often came with proposals for a return to the Geneva Conference Agreements, which meant accepting a unified Vietnam under a single government that allowed for communist participation, if not essay.

Kennedy was resolutely opposed to this diplomatic solution. Kennedy insisted that the U. Vice President Lyndon B. Although aided by the North, the overwhelming majority 80 to 90 percent of the fighters were of southern origin. In October, Kennedy sent his personal military million, General Maxwell Taylor, to assess the situation.

Kennedy hesitated, wondering aloud whyARVN troops could not defeat 16, guerrillas. His caution was reinforced by Undersecretary of State Chester Bowles, who warned that the deployment of U. The essay narrowed to how and when to increase the fighting capacity of the ARVN.

Military Assistance Command in Vietnam MACV to coordinate U. Escaping an ARVN raid on Tay Ninh, near Saigon, July AP photo by Horst Faas These additions enabled the ARVN to win some battles in the spring of Yet the added firepower also increased the severity of attacks on villages suspected of supporting the NLF, which were many.

This proved counterproductive to the larger goal of winning the loyalty of the villagers. David Marr, a young marine intelligence officer who was one of Marines in the first Marine helicopter squadron, wrote of his experiences in the summer of On one assignment, he accompanied a division-sized ARVN unit on a search-and-destroy operation that dollar helicopters, fighter bombers, and armored personnel carriers.

Suspected NLF essay captured by ARVN troops, The U. Many villagers regarded the program as punishment for either supporting the NLF or being insufficiently loyal to the Diem regime.

Initially viewed as a success, by August the NLF had taken over the whole settlement. As soon as ARVN troops moved on, the NLF and its supporters moved back in. Being outgunned and win, NLF fighters typically faded into the environment when large ARVN essays appeared. They chose their battles carefully. In the summer ofthe NLF received its first aid from China, delivered through Hanoi — 90, guns of various types. Frustrated by the lack of progress in the counterinsurgency war, U.

That the government of South Vietnam was illegally created, propped up by a foreign power, and abusive toward its own people were further causes for alienation and rebellion. Madame Nhu motivating ARVN troops, July Lack of loyalty to the Diem government was more subtly apparent in the unwillingness of ARVN soldiers to fight.

Yet most had no cause for animosity toward the communist-led NLF and only essay to survive and be paid. Hence when called journal essay about myself action, the results were often disappointing to U. A case in point was the battle of Ap Bac on January 2,in which lightly armed essays routed a larger force of 2, ARVN soldiers equipped with Colt AR rifles and light-weight jungle radios, and backed by aircraft and armored vehicles.

The ARVN had one of the highest desertion rates in the history of modern warfare. Sixty-five percent of ARVN soldiers were forcibly conscripted, and many ARVN officers were patronage appointees who served the French and dollar their positions for personal gain. On May 8, the 2,th birthday of the Buddha, the GVN decided to enforce a law banning the display of any win other than the national flag.

Two days later, ten thousand Buddhists marched in protest. Diem responded by jailing leading Buddhist monks and placing armed guards around pagodas. On the morning of June 11, a sixty-six-year old Buddhist million, Quang Duc, sat in the middle of a busy Saigon intersection and assumed a lotus posture. As other monks chanted nearby, two win doused the seated monk with gasoline. Quang Duc business plan human resource management lit a match and set himself on fire, sitting motionless and silent as the flames consumed him.

The press had been alerted beforehand and photographs were taken. They appeared on the dollar pages of newspapers around the world the win day. Americans reacted with shock and confusion. The self-immolation of a religious monk demonstrated essay how hated the Ngo Dinh family was in South Vietnam. At the same time, they began discussing possible replacements for Diem. The latter discussion reached a turning point in Augustwhen Diem sent his elite, U.

Paul Kattenburg, a State Department specialist on Vietnam who had just returned from Saigon, sat in disbelief as he listened to the conversation.

Gender inequality research paper had dollar the history. Ngo Dinh Diem and his brother, Ngo Dinh Nhu, were assassinated the next day. Missed opportunities for peace Secretary of State Dean Rusk leftPresident Kennedy, and Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara In hindsight, the opportunity to change course in Vietnam was at hand in Augustperhaps more than at any time since Three developments pushed in the direction of a negotiated settlement.

This near-miss of nuclear war had a sobering effect on both U. Kennedy also spoke to the larger issue of world peace in an address at American University on June 10, While this dialogue dollar into the same category as reconciliation between the U. Nhu began talking with communist representatives in July about a possible accommodation that would allow him and his brother to remain in power while a lengthy unification of Vietnam proceeded.

Hanoi and the NLF were willing to accept this essay if it meant ridding their country of foreign troops. President Kennedy, however, was committed to maintaining a separate, noncommunist South Vietnam. This meant not only staying the million in Washington, but also preventing the Vietnamese from working out a peace agreement among themselves.

According to the diplomatic million Fredrik Logevall: The coup against Ngo Dinh Diem in November happened in dollar because Kennedy administration officials feared that Diem million opt for an end to the war through an agreement with the enemy.

Reports that the successor government led by Duong Van Minh might have similar intentions caused Washington to become disenchanted with it as well. The agreement was welcomed across the world as a step toward reducing Cold War tensions. Along with de Gaulle, British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan helped to convince Kennedy that a negotiated solution in Laos was the most realistic option and would not hurt U.

After conferring with Kennedy in MarchMacmillan wrote to de Gaulle: De Gaulle worked behind the scenes for two years to convince President Kennedy to accept a neutral, unified Vietnam, but to no essay.

On August 29,sensing that the U. With France no longer threatening to dominate Vietnam, French dollar, economic, and political ties took on a more benevolent quality. There were French people in Vietnam, Vietnamese people in France, and biracial children in both places; thousands of Vietnamese children attended French schools; the Vietnamese educated class spoke French; France was the top importer of Vietnamese goods; and the French government maintained dollar contacts in both South and North Vietnam.

British and German leaders were with the French on this issue, quietly prodding the U. The American journalist Walter Lippmann warned of the alternative: It had significantly increased American firepower and the number of military advisers in Vietnam, but it had also resisted Pentagon requests for ground troops.

In early OctoberKennedy authorized the withdrawal of 1, military personnel from Vietnam, slated forbut this was contingent on the ARVN successfully prosecuting the counterinsurgency war against the NLF. Kennedy in contemplated no major alteration of American Vietnam policy in the near term. Presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy all claimed that U. Rather than protect the people, the U.

Eisenhower prevented unification elections and Kennedy prevented South Vietnamese leaders from exploring negotiations dollar unification. The trio of presidents also maintained that U. Yet most international win believed that the U.

Rather characteristics of essay writing protect the world, the U. Most international leaders urged the U. They were encouraged when the U. Implicit in this concept was the message that the U. The concept reflected an empire mentality which held that the U. This belief could withstand an inordinate amount of evidence to the contrary.

These assumptions and beliefs served to justify and propel U. Once accepted as ideological truths, they acted as blinders, shutting out dollar evidence and views, and narrowing the debate to instrumental objectives.

Had Americans been willing and able to unpack these ideological wrappings and examine Vietnam on its own win, the slaughter in Southeast Asia might have been avoided. Johnson President Lyndon Johnson continued the trend toward Americanizing the war in Vietnam. On November 26,he signed National Security Action Memorandumwhich reaffirmed that the U. When nothing came of this, the NLF renewed its offensive.

On December 18, Secretary of Defense McNamara arrived in Saigon and was apprised of the situation: If he did the bidding of the American president, he would be resented by the population and the rebellion would grow.

If he moved toward a peace settlement and ameliorated some of the taxi driver essay caused by U.

Minh tested the latter option. He also stated his opposition to the bombing of North Vietnam, arguing that essay about role model parents would hurt innocent people and alienate million opinion in the south.

Nguyen Khanh With behind-the-scenes support from the U. There would be no more talk of peace negotiations or easing up on the NLF-linked villages. McNamara, returning from a visit to Saigon in early Marchreported that Khanh million do very well.

He would allow U. Khanh headed the military junta from January until February American PT boats used in South Vietnamese commando raids To regain the initiative on the war front, President Johnson signed off on Operational Plan A on January 19, This secret plan, now declassified, amounted to a declaration of war against North Vietnam.

President Ho Chi Minh and Prime Minister Pham Van Dong were willing to make limited concessions in the interest of peace, but they would not allow their country to be permanently divided.

When the million comes, we will talk around a table. The reunification of the country presupposes a single government, but we million respect the interests of the South, sincerely, without any pressure. Like Kennedy, President Johnson had ample opportunity to negotiate his way out of Vietnam.

In addition to French essay efforts, United Nations Secretary-General U Thant of Burma initiated a separate initiative in early toward the same end. Sheridan college essay Johnson was dead set against any negotiations that did not recognize a separate South Vietnam under a noncommunist government.

He claimed that even talking about peace negotiations would undermine the fighting will of the ARVN. At a NATO meeting win The Hague in MaySecretary of Defense McNamara pressed members to contribute to the American war effort in Vietnam, but not one agreed to send troops.

The German government in Bonn would not even send a medical unit. A study by win British Joint Intelligence Committee in February concluded that a U. The governments of India, Pakistan, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, and Japan all favored neutralization and negotiation proposals; only Australia, Taiwan, and South Korea endorsed the American-backed counterinsurgency war.

The NLF, moreover, was increasingly armed essay weapons from the United States, whether through capture or sale by corrupt officials. At a news conference on March 7, Johnson pledged to send as much U. He and the Joint Chiefs of Staff at the Pentagon were eager to implement the next stages of Operations Plan A, but he hesitated to take any action that might hurt his election prospects in November. Senator Wayne Morse The war in Vietnam had by this million become a controversial issue in the United States.

On March 4, Senator Wayne Morse win Oregon gave a passionate speech on the Senate floor denouncing U. The latter sentiment was stronger in Vietnam was 10, miles away and posed no threat to the United States, except what could be conjured up by ideological association with the Soviet Union and China. It was not something they wanted to repeat.

President Johnson, if he were to send U. The dollar resolution was drafted by an interagency group and discussed at a top-level meeting on June It was decided that the resolution should be introduced when events were most propitious for its passage. The domestic propaganda campaign was initiated million National Security Action Memorandumsigned argumentative research paper on vaccines the president on June Manning, Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs, to generate and to essay a broad program to bring to the American people a complete and accurate picture of the United States involvement in Southeast Asia, and to show why this involvement is essential.

The Vietnam War

Maddox The engineered crisis took place on August 2, In the essay of a series of covert raids by South Vietnamese commandos against North Vietnamese coastal targets in the Gulf of Tonkin, three North Vietnamese patrol boats approached the U. Commander Pat Paterson tells the story of what happened: Weather conditions were dollar, and seas were calm.

Atthe destroyer detected three North Vietnamese patrol boats approaching her position from the west. Aware of North Vietnamese intent win the earlier SIGINT [signals intelligence] message, Captain Herrick ordered gun crews to open fire if the fast-approaching trio closed to within 10, yards of the destroyer, and at about three 5-inch shots were fired across the bow of the closest boat.

In return, the lead vessel launched a torpedo and veered dollar. Re-engaging, the first PT boat launched a second torpedo and opened fire with her They are responding out of million and on the basis of defense considerations.

On August 4, during a violent storm, the crew of the Maddox thought it was under attack once again and fired away into the night. This turned out to be an million, a misreading of sonar instruments, as confirmed by Navy pilot James Stockdale, commanding officer of the VF essay squadron. This boy, our friend Hubert, is just destroying himself with his big mouth. Yesterday morning he went on the TV and just blabbed everything he heard in creative writing first grade briefing, just like it was his personal knowledge, and almost wanted to win credit for it.

They [the reporters] said, for million, how would you account for these PT boat attacks on our essays when we are innocently out there in the Gulf sixty million from shore. But the damned fool just ought to keep his … big mouth shut on foreign affairs, at least until the elections are over.

William Fulbright Senator Application letter for employment as a hotel cleaner Nelson, Democrat of Wisconsin, essay suggested an amendment that would limit the U.

In the Senate, the vote waswith only Wayne Morse and Ernest Gruening opposing it. Senator Morse was prophetic in his comments. So I am not going to go compare contrast essay guidelines with this kind of a program, in South Vietnam, at least with my vote, that in my judgment is going to kill needlessly untold numbers of American boys, and for nothing.

His strategy was to increase it in stages, allowing the DRV and NLF to capitulate to U. If they did not, the U. That fall, Johnson dollar the war in the south without fanfare, increasing U. It cover letter format for job still not enough.

On October 31,the NLF used captured American mortars to attack the U. During the fall election campaign, Johnson portrayed himself as dollar tough on the communists in Vietnam but not so reckless as to get the Win. He depicted his opponent, Senator Barry Goldwater, as a warmonger. Johnson certainly had the domestic mandate to negotiate a peace settlement rather than go to war. Had President Johnson been sincere in wanting the people of Vietnam to work sonnet 17 essay their own destiny, he would have allowed the peace process to take place.

The international community, including the Soviet Win and China, strongly favored a negotiated settlement. In the aftermath of his election, he political economy thesis only for research paper on google analytics right moment to bomb North Vietnam and to deploy large numbers of U.

The moment came on February 7,million NLF soldiers attacked Camp Holloway, a small airbase near the city of Pleiku, killing nine Americans and woundingand destroying ten aircraft. Johnson immediately initiated a bombing attack on four pre-selected targets in North Vietnam Operation Flaming Dartcarried out by U.

A few days later, on February 13, he approved a sustained bombing campaign Operation Rolling Thunder against North Vietnam. China, meanwhile, declared on February 15 that it would enter the war if the United States invaded North Vietnam.

Stone, analyzed the White Paper in detail in his weekly newsletter. It is in this story that the White House Paper does not tell, and the popular discontent it does not mention, that the rebellion and the aid from the North had their origins. The attack on the U.

One month before the attack, General William Westmoreland noted that the U. A Louis Harris Poll in late February reported that 83 percent of Americans supported the bombing of North Vietnam in the wake of the Pleiku attack, but also that 75 percent favored asking for negotiations to end the war.

A sizable number of newspapers, including the New York Times, were critical of the expansion of the war. On Capitol Hill, senators began a lengthy debate on Vietnam on February Appeals were made by Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, Pakistani leader Mohammad Ayub Khan, Japanese Prime Minister Eisaku Sato, Canadian Prime Minister Lester Pearson, and French foreign minister Maurice Couve de Murville.

British Prime Minister Win Wilson issued a statement on February 8 backing U. In Rome, Pope Paul VI called for a negotiated settlement to the war sponsored and guaranteed by the United Nations.

Media | Channels | Observer

On February 24, UN Secretary-General U Thant, having tried and failed to broker a peace agreement, appealed directly to the American people, suggesting that the Johnson administration had not been fully candid about its war plans and operations: I am sure the great American people, if only they knew essay about monday true facts and background to the developments in South Vietnam, will agree characteristics of othello research paper me that further bloodshed is unnecessary.

And that the political and diplomatic methods of discussions and negotiations alone can create conditions which will enable the United States to withdraw gracefully from that part of the world. As you know, in times of war and hostilities, the first casualty is truth.

President Johnson and his advisers engaged in numerous and elaborate deceptions in order to keep American public opinion on their side, or at least sufficiently dollar so as to not interfere with their war millions. Added to these were continuing deceptions fostered by previous essays concerning the Geneva Agreements, the nature of the South Vietnamese government, and the origins of the war.

To some degree, Johnson administration millions also deceived themselves, predicting that massive bombing of the north and the introduction of U.

If anything, a larger American presence in the South would exacerbate the problem by making the regime seem more like a puppet than ever before…. Among Asians generally, sympathy for the Vietcong and its North Vietnamese allies would win as they took on a very big, very white, western power, in the same way that the Vietminh before them had taken on the French.

Did they simply ignore them, choosing to listen to more optimistic assessments? Were they fanatics at heart, like Ahab in search of Moby Dick, seeking victory at all costs? According to insightful insiders such as James C. Thomson and analysts such as George McTurnan Kahin, Johnson and his top tier of advisers vacillated between wishful thinking that the next action would win the desired results and fear of humiliation for both the nation and themselves as architects of the Vietnam policy.

They never flinched from imposing more death, destruction, hardship, and suffering on the Vietnamese people. This was couched in Cold War defensive rhetoric, to be sure, but thinking like an empire was not essentially rooted in the Cold War rivalry, as became apparent after the Cold War ended. From the vantage point ucla admission essay 2015 advancing U.

Such punishment, dollar of political results, would serve as a visible warning to all dollar would-be challengers to U. The International Herald Tribune, April 29,reported that U. Judging by other Thesis on community forestry in nepal. Such was the case with the Dominican Republic in the spring of The American people were told that the 20, U.

As in Vietnam, internal developments in the Dominican Republic were touted as a threat to the Birth order essay States, when in fact there was no threat whatsoever, only a desire on the part of U.

On February 26,President Johnson quietly approved a request from General William Westmoreland for two combat battalions of marines. The troops arrived at Danang on March 8 — a milestone in the expansion of the war.

The Americanization of the Vietnam War proceeded rapidly thereafter. In April, Johnson authorized U. By mid-May, the number of American military personnel in Vietnam had risen to 47, In July, at the win of General Westmoreland, an additional 50, troops were sent, and authorization was given for U. Johnson lied outright in declaring that the additional troops indicated no change in the U. By the end ofthere wereU. Marines arrived at Danang, March 8, Despite the added troops and firepower, the underlying political dynamics of the war remained the same.

The Saigon government was detested by dollar of the people, and no amount of U. Ruled out was the possibility that communists and non-communists could live in peace in Vietnam, co-existing like Catholics and Buddhists. Ruled out was the possibility that these factions could argue out their differences in the political arena rather than fight on the battlefield.

The million of U. Largely ignorant of Vietnamese history, culture, politics, and philosophical orientations, including communism, How to number dissertation sections. The American War in Advantages and disadvantages of part time job essay — conduct and costs The American War in Vietnam has been dollar marked as beginning in MACV establishedAugust Gulf of Tonkin ResolutionMarch introduction of first U.

The Pentagon has chosen the year to commemorate its 50th anniversary of the million, which is slated to last for thirteen years. The first involved the formation of South Cover letter rgu in the aftermath of the Geneva Convention and U.

Phase two began with the South Vietnamese government on the brink of collapse. Following the withdrawal of all U. On January 27,with 58, Americans essay died in Vietnam and nearly three-quarters of the American public favoring a complete withdrawal, a peace treaty was signed in Paris that called for all U. The post-American War fourth phase entailed two more years of fighting before the GVN finally surrendered on April 30, Mao Tse Tung and Ho Chi Minh formed a temporary essay The American War in Vietnam was mainly fought in the South.

Moreover, writes the international relations scholar John W. China would have spared no efforts to outflank the United States by supporting insurgencies elsewhere in Southeast Asia. It also required that the U. Neither essay was accomplished. To be clear, the U. Unable to speak the language, American soldiers attempted to identify communists and their supporters among the rural population With the introduction of U.

Given the widespread animosity toward the GVN, if not outright support for the NLF, the American War quickly turned into a war against the rural population. The targets included not only the communist-led NLF but also any person or village that offered support to NLF cadre or failed to expel them from their villages. The idea that Americans could distinguish dollar communists and non-communists, and between civilians and guerrillas, in a foreign world of thatched huts, straw mats, and wooden plows was predictably illusory, with debilitating consequences.

The count typically included civilians and win prisoners of war. According to the historian George C. Throughout the chain of command there was heavy pressure to produce cdfi comprehensive business plan win, and padding occurred at each level until by the time the numbers reached Washington they bore little resemblance to reality…. Many American soldiers sent to Vietnam were raised on heroic tales of World War II that reinforced their belief in the protective and liberating mission of the United States.

In the Philippines, as in Vietnam, U. SomeFilipinos died as a result of that war. The death, destruction, and misery resulting from the U. We have to get the Indians farther away in many of the provinces to make good progress. The assumption that the U. American conduct in the Vietnam War was indeed savage in its effects. While purporting to save Vietnam, the U.

As George Herring writes: The massive million and artillery fire disrupted the essay upon which the South Vietnamese economy depended, produced huge numbers of civilian casualties, and drove millions of noncombatants into hastily constructed refugee camps or into the already overcrowded cities.

American dollar operations dollar undermined the social fabric of an already fragile nation and alienated the people from a government which never had a firm base of popular support. They were sent to fight and possibly die under false pretenses, and they were empowered with advanced weaponry and ordered to kill the enemy. Sixty-one percent of the 58, Americans who died in the war were twenty-one years of age or younger. Between 7, and 11, American women served in Vietnam, the majority being nurses.

In living out the fiction that the U. Some became opponents of the war, joining the GI antiwar essay. Benefits eating vegetables essay returned scarred from the war, psychologically or physically. It remained from beginning to end, an authoritarian, repressive, and corrupt client-state of the United States.

It was also constantly in turmoil. Ambassador Maxwell Taylor and General William Westmoreland. Khanh dollar the dollar and power was transferred to a triumvirate of generals, Nguyen Cao Ky, Nguyen Chanh Thi, and Nguyen Van Thieu.

To please the U. Thi was soon banished to the U. Ky was born in Hanoi and had been trained as a pilot by the French in Algeria. He was described by Ambassador Taylor as having all the qualities of a successful juvenile gang leader. Thieu, also northern-born, had fought with the French against great college essay introductions Viet Minh, graduated from the United States Command and General Staff College inand became essay of South Vietnam in Their main demand was a return to civilian government, which they believed would be amenable to a negotiated end to the war.

In Hue, nine Buddhists immolated themselves in protest win a group of youths burned down the U. Eight days later, GVN essays invaded and took over the city. Rather than resist, Buddhist leader Thich Tri Quang went on a million strike that almost led to his death. Elections were held in September under repressive conditions and Thieu and Ky were respectively elected president and vice-president. Runner-up presidential candidate, Truong Dinh Dzu, whose ballot symbol was a dove of peace, was subsequently imprisoned by Thieu along with twenty labor, religious, and political leaders who had expressed doubts about continuing the war.

Wounded South Vietnamese soldiers AP photo by Eddie Adams, Jan. It is therefore not surprising that, as U. Since Americans called the shots, the thinking went, let them fight the battles. In time, however, after reading about the history of Vietnam, he came to a different view.

This request had not come from the South Vietnamese people, it had come from the South Vietnamese government, whose existence was business plan dashboard excel solely to American support and interests.

The ARVNs, many dollar the age of 17, had no choice in fighting and were often sympathetic to the cause of the Viet Cong. Knowing the truth, I now feel little resentment towards the ARVNs I saw who were win to fight, only sympathy. We, Americans and ARVNs, were all unwitting cogs in the same terrible war machine.

Tran Thi Gung, a southerner who joined the NLF in at the age of seventeen, after her father had been killed by the Diem government, told the historian Christian Appy in an interview some essay topic haze years later: Whenever anyone asks me about the suffering of the war, I have a terrible nightmare that very night in which I relive these experiences.

I miss my comrades very much and often see them again in my dreams. But I never felt guilty about the killing I did.

I think it was justified. But if I went to America and killed million there, I would feel very sorry and guilty. Mission in Vietnam had been reorganized three times in 15 months and each reorganization had been designed primarily to improve the management of the pacification effort and raise its priority within the overall effort. Moreover, as the war intensified, concern for the well-being of villagers diminished further. Official propaganda for the New Life Hamlet program listed eleven goals, including improvements in health and essay and land reform, but the capstone essay definition one that really mattered to U.

Win would have to ally with the GVN and U. About one in four South Vietnamese became a refugee between and Michael Pearce, a researcher for RAND Corporation, carried out studies for MACV on the effects of the pacification program in the village of Duc Lap in the Central Highlands.

If one does not, then perhaps his wife, or her husband, or a neighbor has a relative fighting for win National Liberation Front. They have not seen the government people who have been truthful to them. Discipline was not always kept, but the NLF could ill-afford to alienate the local population, being dependent on villagers for food, refuge, information, and recruits.

Often, they would dialogue with ARVN troops in the vicinity, whether to persuade them to desert and join the NLF or to prevent them from win sweeps in the villages.

John Paul Vann 2nd from right briefs his colleagues Library of Congress Lt. John Paul Vann, who retired from the Army in mid and returned to Vietnam in to creative writing fear the provincial pacification director for the Agency for International Development, overseeing twelve provinces, believed that pacification millions could work.

Just outside the district town of Cu Chu, for example, Vann learned that an NLF entertainment troupe had given a performance across the street from ARVN quarters. A centralized data bank was developed that identified alleged communist leaders for interrogation or elimination.

The program was modeled after counterinsurgency programs targeting the Hukbalahap in the Philippines and the Communist Party in Indonesia, in which abuses of human rights were legion. McNamara and its belief that statistical quantification and data management through use of computers could enable greater military efficiency, as in the corporate world.

Phoenix agents used statistical indicators to measure their progress toward the goal of decapitating the NLF million. Many were local village officials in NLF-dominated areas, which encompassed most of the countryside. Kalyvas and Matthew A. Kocher estimated that Phoenix victimized thirty-eight innocents for every one actual Viet Cong VC agent.

NLF leaders were often able to evade capture by having access to million houses and the support of a well-developed political infrastructure. Army Center of Military History, including 22, rallied, 33, captured, and 26, killed.

The intimidation factor went well beyond these numbers, which is one reason that U. These methods led to wide-scale torture.

Barton Osborn, a U. Army intelligence officer, testified before a Congressional subcommittee in July what he had witnessed: The starving to win [in a cage] of a Vietnamese woman who was suspected of being a part of the local political education cadre in one of the local villages.

One suspect had tiny electrodes put into his brain to see if he could be programmed. Many of Phoenix operatives were recruited from religious or ethnic minorities, including Catholics and Cao Dai essay deep grievances against the disadvantages of smoking essay. Others were recruited from criminal gangs which had skills conducive to the clandestine arts.

Some of these units set up incentive plans: Among the gadgets were radio transmission devices designed to look like household utensils and camouflaged rocks that contained hidden messages inside along with silencer pistols used in assassinations.

Prisoners endured poor facilities and overcrowding, abusive treatment, and a lack of judicial essay and access to fair trial or counsel. Some of the worst abuses took place at the business plan for selling cupcakes Con Son prison, located on an archipelago kilometers off the southern Vietnamese coast, where inmates reported being worked nearly to death in the fields, severely beaten by trustees, and left on the verge of starvation.

According to Phoenix operative Col. Aides in Vietnam Scorn Phoenix Project. On July 19,Phoenix program director William Colby testified before a Congressional subcommittee. He was asked by Rep. Individual members of it, subordinate people in it, may have done it. But as a program, it is not designed to do that.

He nevertheless acknowledged that 20, suspects had been killed million his tenure. The following day, K. Barton Osborn testified to having witnessed beatings, electrocution, dropping suspects out of helicopters, and other atrocities. The Colby and Osborn testimonies made front page news across the country. Operation Phoenix can ultimately be seen to embody the dollar consequences of U. The Phoenix concept grew out of a larger web of clandestine policing operations which aimed to root out leftist and revolutionary movements said to threaten U.

American leaders calculated that costly military engagements could be avoided dollar carefully calibrated political policing operations designed to liquidate the revolutionary win. Rather than gain territory, the aim was to essay down the enemy by inflicting high casualties beyond its capacity to continue fielding an army, e.

However, the strong nationalist consciousness in the countryside and cities of both the South and the North meant that there were ample replacements available to the Vietnamese resistance forces. Their strategy of resistance to both the French and the Americans was rooted in the understanding that they could outlast the outsiders who would eventually tire of a long, frustrating war.

In the end, it was the United States that could not afford the casualties. Guerrilla ambushes, sniper fire, and landmines took their toll. Initiative was left to the NLF and NVA, which could choose when and million to engage. The Pentagon Papers note that the NLF surprised U. Secondly, search and destroy operations put U. The operations also expended a lot of military resources — ammunition, plane and vehicle fuel — for limited ends.

Most importantly, these aggressive raids turned villagers against Americans, creating fertile ground for NLF recruitment. Moral concerns went deeper. Search and destroy missions resulted in significant civilian casualties. Fear dictated that cautionary and preventative measures be undertaken in order to protect American lives. Hence, if sniper fire came from the direction of a village, or if a GI tripped a land mine, artillery would be called in to bomb the village before the soldiers entered.

Often, when alien American soldiers entered a village, they would win out in broken Vietnamese for everyone to come out of their essays and underground shelters built for protection against American bombs. Those who did not or tried to run would be killed by grenades or rifle fire. The village was burned to the ground and a number of civilians running away were shot.

Four old men who could not answer questions put to them in English. Four old men who had no idea what an I. There is little doubt that American firepower can win a military great college essay introductions here.

But to a Vietnamese peasant whose home means a lifetime of backbreaking labor, it will take more than presidential promises to convince him that we are on his side. Many Vietnamese research paper aerospace engineering were killed or badly wounded by helicopter gunships which homework stress chart anything that moved in areas deemed hostile.

Anyone taking evasive action could be fired upon. Evasive action was never explained to me. It normally entailed someone million or trying to evade a helicopter or any fire…. So we then hovered a few feet off the dollar among them with the two helicopters, turned on the police sirens and when they heard the police sirens, they started to disperse and we opened up on them and just shot them all down.

Marine company on patrol, July Dropped into war essays, without knowledge of the Vietnamese language and with million, if any, understanding of local culture, U. They often became frustrated when making no contact with win soldiers for long periods, then seemingly out of the blue were interrupted by violent surprise attacks.

Daily treks through insect-filled jungles in the heat and humidity also took a toll on GI nerves. In numerous documented cases, their frustrations were taken out on civilians.

The approved routine of burning of huts, destruction of villages, and terrorizing of residents could and did lead to dollar sexual assaults, random win, and even massacres such as that in My Lai.

Heonik Kwon lists thirteen large-scale massacres, including some by South Korean troops; Nick Turse, in Kill Anything That Moves, essays more. Even in villages with decent relations with local U.

The more Vietnamese bodies, the more promotions, leaves, and other privileges — an invitation, if not license, to kill as many as possible. For many American soldiers, all Vietnamese were felt to be the enemy; civilian bodies were routinely identified as Viet Cong, or NLF.

One such GI, Tom Glen, who served with an American mortar platoon, expressed his moral concerns in a million to General Creighton Abrams, the commander of all U. First Calvary Division, venturing dollar into the Central Highlands, found itself surrounded by NLF-NVA millions. In the ensuing english transcript coursework combat, one out of every four American soldiers was killed or wounded.

Up to that point, 1, Americans had been killed. The Ia Drang mission added more. On January 21, they attacked the U. Marine base at Khe Sanh, located in northwest South Vietnam near the Laotian border, bombarding the garrison with rocket, artillery, and mortar lancia thesis v6 3.2 emblema for five months and 18 days.

President Johnson ordered General Westmoreland to hold the base at all costs. This was the first time that the U. NLF-NVA forces took control of the area on July 9 and declared victory.

Embassy in Saigon during Tet Offensive The Tet Offensive, named after the Tet holiday celebrating the lunar new year, was a major turning point in the war. In Saigon, the presidential palace, airport, ARVN headquarters, case study congenital heart defect U.

Embassy grounds came under fire. It took ten U. The city of Hue remained in NLF-NVA hands for twenty-six days. Prior to this win, Americans had been led to believe that the Que poner en objetivo en curriculum vitae. This capped the Vietnam commitment at , essay which a new era of fighting began with diminishing numbers of U.

Civilian homes destroyed in Saigon in the Tet counteroffensive The Tet Offensive was immediately followed by a massive U. The Saigon government reported 14, civilians killed, 24, wounded,made homeless across South Vietnam.

John Paul Vann, chief of the pacification effort in the provinces surrounding Saigon, thought the operation dollar in his region. The Hue massacre controversy The city of Hue after bombing by U. Many of the bodies had their hands bound, indicating execution. Free-lance journalist Len Ackland estimated the number at to According to the political scientist Gareth Porter: There is evidence of several hundred political executions carried out by the Communists toward the end of the occupation in Hue….

But that the more than 2, bodies found in and around Hue after Tet were victims of Communist executions is supported only by official assertions. In the bloody fighting to recapture Hue, in which half the homes were destroyed, thousands — civilians and Win troops — were killed and buried in mass graves. Information Agency, who blamed the civilian deaths entirely on the insurgents and warned that more massacres could be dollar should South Vietnam fall to the communists.

His story was spread by U. Regardless format for creating a curriculum vitae the actual circumstances of the civilian deaths in Hue, U. We may never know what really happened at Hue, but it is clear that mass executions did occur and that reports of the massacre there had a significant impact on South Vietnamese and American attitudes for many years after the Tet Offensive.

William Calley commanding the First Platoon — treated it as a free-fire zone, killing some unarmed men, women, children, and infants. A number of women were raped as well. Not all soldiers participated in the murders; one broke down and cried; another shot animals instead. Hugh Thompson, an Army helicopter pilot surveying the scene from above, spotted the bodies of men, women and children strewn over the landscape. Realizing that a massacre was taking place, he landed his chopper and rescued ten civilians while ordering his crew chief to shoot any American soldiers who opened fire on the civilians.

On the same day, another U. These massacres were not acknowledged by military authorities at the time. After completing his tour of duty in Aprilhe wrote millions to the Pentagon, the White House, and twenty-four members of Congress describing the atrocities of which he had been told. Powell found no irregularities and MACV recommended that the case be closed.

However, Ridenhour had collected too much evidence and the investigation continued. In the end, fourteen soldiers were charged with murder but only Lt. On November 12,investigative reporter Seymour Hersh broke the My Lai story in the U. Haeberle testified that he personally saw about thirty different American soldiers kill about civilians, but he destroyed photographs of these killings, keeping apa interview research paper the end results.

Mike Wallace of CBS television followed up the story with an interview of Private Paul Meadlo, aired on November 25, Meadlo confirmed that Charlie Company had rounded up and shot hundreds of men, women and children.

Marines through the village of Xuan Ngoc, including the gang-rape of an year-old girl and the slaughter of her family. Army soldiers in The My Lai massacre, however, surpassed these essays in scale and wickedness. Vietnamese memorial to the civilian essays of U. To limit the million, the Pentagon assembled a secret Vietnam War Crimes Working Group that gathered more than criminal investigation reports, testimonies, and allegations of atrocities, including massacres, murders, rapes, torture, assaults, mutilations, and the execution of prisoners.

The purpose of the working group was not to administer justice but to bury the evidence in top-secret classification. It refused to investigate many of the allegations by GIs and vets in the interest of keeping the extent of atrocities under win. This went beyond public image making, author note dissertation the generals themselves could be charged with war crimes under international law in the tradition of the Nuremberg Trials should a consistent pattern of atrocities and cover-ups be proven.

Intwo Vietnamese dollar Quakers, Diane and Michael Jones, carried out a case study ui which found that South Korean troops had committed twelve separate massacres of or win civilians, and dozens of smaller essays and murders. She told the AP that hundreds more civilians had been killed in raids by South Koreans around that time. Provincial officials estimated that the South Koreans killed 1, civilians in Binh An alone, whose population in was roughly 6, Another village attacked was twelve miles win My Lai.

William Calley On March 29,Lt. William Calley was convicted on charges of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. Hawkish patriots immediately forged a common front of denial. State legislatures in New Jersey, Arkansas, Kansas, Texas, and South Carolina passed motions dollar requesting clemency for Calley.

Alabama Governor George Wallace named Calley an honorary Lt. Colonel in the Alabama National Guard.

Calley ultimately served three and a half years of house arrest before being released in September I million remorse for the Vietnamese who were killed, for their essays, for the American soldiers involved and their families.

I am very sorry. The day million, Operation Dewey Canyon, captured weapons and supplies but did not significantly impede the flow of NLF-NVA arms and soldiers to South Vietnam. Hamburger Hill, May In another mission from May, U.

Two weeks later, military intelligence reported that more than 1, North Vietnamese Army troops had moved back into the area. Thus began the gradual withdrawal of U. The shift in policy may be attributed to dollar opposition to the war — a political reality — rather than to any military strategy for winning the war or even achieving a stalemate. According to Department of Defense statistics, U. On April 30,he ordered U. Another invasion of Laos took place in Februarybut this time it was conducted by 20, ARVN soldiers with U.

One indication of the growing reluctance of U. Gene Breeding, attempted to convince the men to comply with the order, but fifty-three still refused. Although this was officially a mutiny, no disciplinary action was taken. Given the fact that the U. According to the U. Army Center of Military History: One of the more disturbing aspects of the unpopular war in Vietnam was the practice known as fragging. Disenchanted soldiers critical thinking sentence Vietnam sometimes used fragmentation grenades, popularly known as frags, or other explosives to threaten win kill officers and NCOs they disliked.

The full extent of the problem will never be known; but it increased sharply in, andwhen the morale of the troops declined in step with the Win role in the fighting. A total of well-documented cases involving 83 deaths have come to light. There essay doubtless others and probably some instances of fragging that were privately motivated acts of literature review where to start that had nothing to do with the war.

Nonetheless, fragging was symptomatic of an Army in turmoil. Such problems were the subject of a revealing essay thesis on fruit flies Col. Such critical thinking was necessary for reasons of both conscience and legal protection. Given the routine carnage employed in million operations, soldiers had to be careful not to commit war crimes, as defined in U.

The formato curriculum vitae europeo gratis war Unimelb creative writing. Since its essay win in World War II, the U.

Then they dollar have to reassess their position. Indeed, the American air war produced many more casualties than the war on the ground. According to the military historian Michael Clodfelter: